ACCESS TO CARE The Equity Gap Pedro Chequer UNAIDS ICPA for the Southern Cone Buenos Aires, Argentina The Equity Gaps in Latin American Countries
GNP Growth - Average Per Year 1945-1980 1990-1999 To Reduce GAPS Health Expenditure by Aggregation Method, 1990-98 Unweighted Weighted Weighted Average Population GDP
Middle income 5.8
High income 6.8 Health Expenditure in Selected Countries, Related to GDP Total % of GDP 1990-98 Health Expenditure per Capita PPP $ 90-98 United States Switzerland Proportion of Doctors per 1000 pop. In Selected Countries Latin America: Poverty and Indigence, 1980-1997
Source: ECLAC, Social Panorama of Latin America, 1998 (LC/G.2050-P), chapter 1, p. 18, Santiago, Chile, 1999. United Nations publication, sales No.
a Estimate for 19 countries of the region.
b Perecentage of Households with incomes below the poverty line. Includes indigent households.
c Percentage of households with incomes below the indigent line. ARV:Free Access to Treatment. Estimated Coverage in Selected LA Counties at end Percentage of Adults over 18 with no Regular Doctor, 1997*; Non-Insured Ratios by Race** Hispanic Percentage of Adults 18 and Older without a Regular Doctor, 1997 Non-Insured ratios by race
* Source: Author´s tabulations of The Kaiser/Commonwealth 1997
** Source: Hall, Collins, and Glied, 1999
Countries in the tropics lag behind those in temperate zones in innovation, markets, and intellectual property Different resources: Indicators of global science Population Publications Patents (EU) Patents (US) Advanced Economies Rest of the World
Sources: J. Sachs: UNESCO: The Economist, 14 August 1999
Brazil: AIDS Drugs Expenditure 1996-2000 Expenditure (US$ million) Source: Ministry of Health, 1999 Brazil: ARV Price Reduction According to Source of Production Multinationals Multi + Government Companies ) $ S t (U le b r ta o le u s p a r c e t p s o C Indinavir Saquinavir Lamivudi Zalcitabi Didanosine Zidovudine(ZD (ddi), 100 mg V), 100 mg Source: MOH Savings of Economic Resources With Antiretroviral Therapy (1997/1999*)
admissions: 146,000
¾ Total savings: US$472 million
• Estimated cost savings with ganciclovir
prescription: US$35 million
• Estimated cost savings with treatment of
US$16 million
admissions: US$371 million Source: Ministry of Health Costs of ARV Purchases, Savings and Final Costs to Brazilian Government Brazil. 1997-1999 ARV EXPENDITURES COST SAVINGS* ACTUAL COSTS
Banco de dados Oracle HOWTO Paul Haigh, V1.2, 4 de agosto de 1998Traduzido por Marcelo Martim Marques, de maio de 1999 Um guia para instalar e configurar o Servidor de Banco de dados Oracle em umsistema Linux 3.3 Executando o Database Installation Script 4.4 Inicializando e finalizando o Listeners 8.1 Eu nao posso criar um banco de dados quando usado Oracle 7.2.x. 8.2 Estao ocorrendo segme
war resisters’ international internationale des résistant(e)s á la guerre internationale der kriegsdienstgegner/innen internacional de resistentes a la guerra internacio de militrezistantoj 5 Caledonian Road, London N1 9DX, Britain A military constitution for the European Union? Or: The European Union too is on a course towards war This text was written by Tobias Pflüger fr