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MIMS Summary Table
ANTIBIOTIC GROUPS
Antibiotic Group
Mode of Action
Examples
Aminoglycosides
Irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis by Amikacin, Gentamicin, Neomycin, Netilmicin, binding to receptors on the 30S subunit of Carbacephems
Inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan causing Carbapenems
Inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan causing osmotic lysis; resistant to ß-lactamases and has Antibiotic Groups
Cephalosporins
Bind to penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) of Cefaclor, Cefadroxil, Cefalexin, Cefamandole, bacteria; inhibit bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan Cefapirin, Cefazolin, Cefepime, Cefetamet synthesis and activate bacterial cell wall autolytic pivoxil, Cefixime, Cefmenoxime, Cefodizime, Cefonicid, Cefoperazone, Cefotaxime,Cefotetan, Cefotiam, Cefoxitin, Cefpirome,Cefpodoxime, Cefprozil, Cefradine, Cefsulodin,Ceftazidime, Ceftezole, Ceftibuten, Ceftizoxime,Ceftriaxone, Cefuroxime Chloramphenicols
Bind reversibly to a receptor site on the 50S Glycopeptides
Prevent further elongation and cross-linking of bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis; active againstgram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococci Lincosamides
Inhibit protein synthesis by interfering with initiation complexes and translocation reactionson the bacterial 50S subunit Ketolides
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by reversible Macrolides
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by reversible Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin, Erythromycin, Roxithromycin, Troleandomycin Monobactams
Inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan causing osmotic lysis; resistant to ß-lactamases andactive against gram-negative rods Nitrofurantoin
Block aerobic energy production and synthesis Oxazolidinones
Cause faulty protein synthesis by binding to the Penicillins
Inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan causing Carbenicillin, Methicillin, Mezlocillin, PenicillinG, Penicillin V, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin Penicillins w/
Bind to penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) of ß-lactamase inhibitors
bacteria; inhibit bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan or compounds
synthesis and activate bacterial cell wall autolytic preventing penicillin
degradation in kidneys
Polymyxins
Alter cytoplasmic membrane causing cellular Quinolones
Inhibit one or more of a group of enzymes called topoisomerases that are essential for bacterial Levofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Moxifloxacin, DNA replication and transcription; inhibit DNA Streptogramins
Cause faulty protein synthesis by binding to the Sulphonamides
Competitive inhibition of folic acid synthesis Sulfisoxazole, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfamethi- by acting as structural analogue of para- Tetracyclines
Bind reversibly to receptors on the 30S subunit Demeclocycline, Doxycycline, Lymecycline, of the bacterial ribosome inhibiting protein Minocycline, Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline Trimethoprim
Inhibits dihydrofolic acid reductase of bacteria and blocks metabolic sequences in DNAsynthesis Tyrocidins
Alter cytoplasmic membrane causing cellular Not all products/dosage forms are available or approved for above use in all countries.
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